Character animation has been seen as early as 1834 when the Zoetrope was created by using a strip of paper mounted onto a disk with slits in. The artist would draw a sequence of images that change slightly each time. This would then be spun so the viewer could see these images change through the slit and this would give the illusion of movement.
Eaweard Muybridge used this in his earlier work to show how different mammals moved.
It was later in 1913 when Winsor McCay created the short film Gertie The Dinosaur; this character animation was shown to a wider audience for entertainment purposes. This film really showed the true prospects for characters in animation, and still stands in high regard today.
In 1923 Walt Disney Studios opened up in Los Angeles entertaining audiences with stories using characters. They started off with short animations, for example the Alice Comedies and Steamboat Willie. Then in 1937 Walt Disney created its first feature length film with Snow White And The Seven Dwarfs.
In 2D animation the principles squash and stretch and exaggeration can play a more prominent factor. A character's movements and actions can be pushed to limits, this can often be found in comedies, used to extend the humour of the character's actions further.
Whereas in 3D, especially in recent gaming animation, realism has got closer and closer to the human form. To enhance the gamers experience, the characters they are playing as are becoming more lifelike in appearance, and in some ways, gaining appeal for the audience. This way the person playing will be further emerged into the game and most likely becoming hooked to it.
References
Eadweard Muybridge: Zoetrope at Kingston Museum [Video] Available from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mcHL7Vxh-9k [Accessed 10 March 2015].
Final Fantasty [Image] Available from http://s.pro-gmedia.com/videogamer/media/images/pub/large/ff151.jpg
Gertie The Dinosaur [Image] Available from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winsor_McCay [Accessed 10 March 2015]
Keith Stuart. Photorealism - the future of video game visuals [Online] Available from http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/feb/12/future-of-video-gaming-visuals-nvidia-rendering [Accessed 12 May 2015]
Roadrunner [Image] Available from http://vignette1.wikia.nocookie.net/tinytoons/images/1/11/Roadrunner.jpg/revision/latest?cb=20101114095113 [Accessed 12 May 2015]
Walt Disney Studios History [Online] Available from http://studioservices.go.com/disneystudios/history.html [Accessed 10 March 2015].
Wikipedia. Winsor McCay [Online] Available from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winsor_McCay [Accessed 10 March 2015]
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